翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Operation Mo ・ Operation Mobile ・ Operation Mobilisation ・ Operation Mockingbird ・ Operation Model 5 ・ Operation Moduler ・ Operation Mojo ・ Operation Mole Cricket 19 ・ Operation Momentum ・ Operation Mongoose (Once Upon a Time) ・ Operation Montana Mauler ・ Operation Montclair ・ Operation Moolah ・ Operation Moon Rocket ・ Operation Moon Water ・ Operation Moonwatch ・ Operation Morris Dance ・ Operation Morvarid ・ Operation Mosaic ・ Operation Moses ・ Operation Moshe ・ Operation Moshtarak ・ Operation Most III ・ Operation Motel ・ Operation Motorman ・ Operation Motorman (ICO investigation) ・ Operation Mouette ・ Operation Mount Hope III ・ Operation Mountain Fury ・ Operation Mountain Resolve Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Operation Moonwatch ： ウィキペディア英語版 Operation Moonwatch Operation Moonwatch (also known as ''Project Moonwatch'' and, more simply, as ''Moonwatch'') was an amateur science program formally initiated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) in 1956.〔http://siris-sihistory.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!1159!0〕 The SAO organized Moonwatch as part of the International Geophysical Year (IGY) which was probably the largest single scientific undertaking in history. Its initial goal was to enlist the aid of amateur astronomers and other citizens who would help professional scientists spot the first artificial satellites. However, until professionally manned optical tracking stations came on-line in 1958, this network of amateur scientists and other interested citizens played a critical role in providing crucial information regarding the world’s first satellites.〔http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=120766〕 == The origins of Moonwatch == Moonwatch’s origins can be traced to two sources. In the United States, there was a thriving culture of amateur scientists including thousands of citizens who did astronomy for an avocation. During the Cold War, the United States also encouraged thousands of citizens to take part in the Ground Observer Corps, a nationwide program to spot Soviet bombers. Moonwatch brought together these two activities and attitudes, melding curiosity and vigilance into a thriving activity for citizens. Moonwatch, in other words, was an expression of 1950s popular culture and fixed properly within the context of the Cold War.〔(The Harvard Crimson :: News :: Russians Launch Artificial Satellite )〕 Moonwatch was the brainchild of Harvard astronomer Fred L. Whipple. In 1955, as the recently appointed director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, MA, Whipple proposed that amateurs could play a vital role in efforts to track the first satellites. He overcame the objections of colleagues who doubted ordinary citizens could do the job or who wanted the task for their own institutions. Eventually, Whipple carved out a place for amateurs in the IGY. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation Moonwatch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.